Prescription |Defination| |Parts of prescription| |Handling of prescription| |Errors in prescription| 🥼💊💉

              Prescription💊💉

 

Definition~ The word "prescription" is derived from the Latin term praescriptus which made up of two Latin words prae a prefix meaning 'before and scriptus meaning to write'

• Prescription is an order written by a physician, dentist or any other medical practitioner to the pharmacist to compound & dispense a specific medication for individual patient.
• Prescription is accompanied by direction for pharmacist and for patient.

▪︎Pre compounding prescription:

• Prescription for already prepared drug (by pharmaceutical companies) e.g. Cap. Ciprofloxacin (500 mg) etc.

▪︎Extemporaneous prescription:

• The pharmacists prepare the medication according to the drugs and dosages directed by the physician (nowadays not in practice)

 
Parts of prescription

Age
Sex
Address of patient
Subscription
Inscription
Signature
Date
Name
Prescriber
Superscription
Signature
Address
Registration number


•Parts of prescription
a. Heading:  Date,
Personal data of patient.
b. Body: Superscription, Inscription,
Subscription
c. Closing: Signature of physician.

You can also take an old prescription and start marking the parts of prescription. (like this⬆️)

Date :
• Written on the prescription by prescriber.
•To know when the medicines were last dispensed.
• To prevent the misuse of the drug by the patients.
• The prescription which prescribe narcotic or other habit forming drug, must bear the date, so as to avoid the misuse of prescription if it is presented by the patient, a number of times for dispensing.

Name, Age, Sex & Address of the patient:
• It helps to identify the prescription. Especially in case of children, Age & sex of the patient helps the pharmacist to check the prescriber dose of medication.
•In case, if any of this information is missing in the prescription, the same may be included by the pharmacist after proper enquiry from the patient.

Superscription:
• It is represented by symbol Rx.
• Rx is the abbreviation of Latin word recipe, meaning 'take thou' or You Take.
- In older days, the symbol was considered to be originated from the sign of Jupiter, god of healing
This symbol was employed by the ancient in requesting god for the quick recovery of the patient.
> The inscription - 1.line
Immediately below the superscription Contains the name, exact formulation and unit dose of the drug to be dispensed.

(Nowadays, the majority of the drugs are prescribed which are already in a suitable formulation. The pharmacist is required to dispense the readymade from of drugs. So, compounding of prescription is almost eliminated.)

Subscription:

This part contains the prescriber's directions to the pharmacist.
It includes
• Type dosage form to be prepared
• No of doses to be dispensed

Signatura:
. It is usually written as 'Sig' on the prescription.
. It consist of the direction to be given to the patient regarding the administration of the drug.
• Usually the quantity of medicament or number or dosage unit to be taken, how many times in a day or at what time it should be taken.
. Instruction must be written on the label of container.


Renewal instruction (if any) :
• The prescriber indicate on every prescription order, whether it may be renewed and if so, how many times. * It is very important particularly in the prescription containing the narcotic and habit forming drugs to prevent its misuse.

Signature, address & registration number of the prescriber :
Information about physician is essential so that the doctor could be contacted in emergency.
• Prescription must be signed with Prescriber's own hand.
Address and Registration No should be written in case of narcotic or other habit forming drugs to prevent its misuse.

Sample prescription 

Handling of Prescription

Errors in prescription

☆Abbreviation
• Abbreviation presents a problem in understanding parts of the prescription order.
• Extreme care should be taken by a pharmacist in interpreting the Abbreviation. Pharmacists should not guess at the meaning of an ambiguous Abbreviation.

☆Name of the drug
. There are certain drugs whose name look or sound like those of other drugs. Some of the example of such drugs is as under: - Digitoxin and Digoxin

☆Strength of the preparation
• The strength of the preparation should be stated by the prescriber. It is essential when various strength of product are available in market.

☆Dosage form of drug prescribed
•Many medicines are available in more than one dosage form like as liquid, tablet, capsule, etc.
•Dosage Form of the product should be written.

☆Dose 

Usually high or low doses should be discussed with the prescriber.

Pediatric dosage may present. So pharmacist should consult pediatric posology to avoid an error.
•Sometime a reasonable dose is administered too frequently.


☆Instructions for the patient
•The instructions for the patient which are given in the prescription are incomplete or omitted.
•The quantity of the drug to be taken, the frequent and timing of administration and route of administration should be clearly given in the prescription so as to avoid any confusion.

☆Incompatibilities
It is essential to check that there are no pharmaceutical or therapeutic incompatibilities in a prescribed preparation and that different medicines prescribed for the same patient do not interact with each other to produce any harm to patient. Certain antibiotics should not be given with meals since it significantly decrease the absorption of the drug.

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